SpringerProtocols: Abstract: TLC in Structure and Recognition Studies of Glycosphingolipids

TLC in Structure and Recognition Studies of Glycosphingolipids

By: Johannes Müthing²

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Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are primarily located in the plasma membrane of animal cells, but are also found in association with intracellular organelles (1,2) GSLs consist of two structural elements: a lipophilic membrane anchor, the ceramide portion, which is formed by a long chain aminoalcohol and a fatty acid, and a hydrophilic carbohydrate moiety, which protrudes from the cell surface. Structures and functions of GSLs have been widely reviewed (3–8). They are divided into three main classes: neutral GSLs and acidic sialic acid-and sulfate-containing GSLs, the gangliosides and the sulfatides, respectively. Most GSLs can be grouped into one of four main structural families: the ganglio-, globo-, lacto-, and/or neolacto-series. Structures of neutral GSLs and gangliosides used in this protocol are listed in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. Their nomenclature follows the IUPAC-IUB recommendations (9) and the nomenclature of Svennerholm (10). Sialic acids are designated according to the suggestions of Reuter and Schauer (11).

Table 1 Structures of Neutral GSLs

Glycosphingolipid	Structure
LacCer	Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer
GgOse₃Cer	GaINAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer
GgOse₄Cer	Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer
GgOse₃Cer	Galα1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer
GbOse₄Cer	GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer
Forssman GSL	GalNAcα1-3GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-3Galβ1-4Galβ1-1Cer
LcOse₃Cer	GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer
nLcOse₄Cer	Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer
nLcOse₆Cer	Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer

Table 2 Structures of Gangliosides

Ganglioside^a	Structure
G_M3	II³Neu5Ac-LacCer
G_M1	II³Neu5Ac-GgOse₄Cer
G_D1a	IV³Neu5Ac, II³Neu5Ac-GgOse₄Cer
G_D1b	II³(Neu5Ac)₂-GgOse₄Cer
G_T1b	IV³Neu5Ac,II³(Neu5Ac)₂-GgOse₄Cer

^aOnly gangliosides with Neu5Ac-substitution are shown

Affiliation(s): (2) Institute fur Zellkulturtechnik, Universitat Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany

Book Title: Glycoanalysis Protocols

Series: Methods in Molecular Biology | Volume: 76 | Pub. Date: Feb-27-1998 | Page Range: 183-195 | DOI: 10.1385/0-89603-355-4:183

Subject: Biochemistry

References

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