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The Application of In Vitro Models of Anterior Pituitary Function in Toxicity Testing

By: Glenda E. Gillies², Julia C. Buckingham²

Abstract

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Together, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland form the functional unit called the neuroendocrine system. For the purposes of introducing this system, therefore, the two will be considered together, although the methods for assessing their function will be considered separately (the pituitary gland in this chapter and the hypothalamus in Chapter 12).

Affiliation(s): (2) Department of Pharmacology, Charing Cross and Westminister Medical School, London, UK

Book Title: In Vitro Toxicity Testing Protocols

Series: Methods in Molecular Biology | Volume: 43 | Pub. Date: May-04-1995 | Page Range: 81-93 | DOI: 10.1385/0-89603-282-5:81

Subject: Pharmacology/Toxicology

References

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1.	Buckingham, J C and Gillies, G. E. (1992) Hypothalamus and pituitary gland-xenobiotic induced toxicity and models for its investigation, in Endocrine Toxicology (Flack, J. D and Atterwill, C, eds.), Cambridge University Press, pp 83–114

2.	Besser, G M and Cudworth, A G. (eds.) (1987) Clinical Endocrinology Chapman and Hall, London.

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4.	Buckingham, J C and Cover, P. O. (1986) Changes in the responsiveness of perifused rat adenohypophyseal cells to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. Acta Endocrinol. (Copenhag.) 113, 479–486.

5.	Cover, P O and Buckingham, J. C. (1989) Effects of estradiol and tamoxifen on GnRH self priming in perifused rat adenohypophysial cells. Acta Endocrinol. 121, 365–373

6.	Cowell, A.-M., Flower, R. J., and Buckingham, J. C. (1991) Studies on the roles of phospholipase A₂ and eicosonoids in the regulation of corticotrophin secretion by rat pituitary cells in vitro. J. Endocr. 130, 21–32.

7.	Gillies, G. E. and Lowry, P. J. (1978) Perfused rat isolated anterior pituitary cell column as bioassay for factor(s) controlling release of adrenocorticotropin: validation of a technique. Endocrinology 103, 521–527.

8.	Buckingham, J. C. and Hodges, J. R. (1977) The use of corticotrophin production by adenohypophysial tissue in vitro for the detection and estimation of potential corticotrophin releasing factors. J. Endocr. 72, 187–193.

9.	Hadley, A. D., Flack, J. D., and Buckingham, J. C. (1992) Effects of selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors on the release of ACTH and LH from rat anterior pituitary segments in vitro. Pharmacol. Commun. 3, 283–295.

10.	Stone, M A., Carey, F, Cowell, A-M, and Buckingham, J C (1989) Eicosanoids and pituitary function: a role for phospholipase A₂ in the stimulation of ACTH from cultured pituitary cells. Br. J. Pharmacol. 96, 162P.

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