Springer Protocols: Abstract: 6. Solid Tissue Dispersal for Cytokinetic Analyses

6. Solid Tissue Dispersal for Cytokinetic Analyses

By: Maria G. Pallavicini¹

Abstract

Full Text

Download PDF (2284K)

The dispersal of solid tissues into a single-cell suspension has become an integral component of many current techniques for quantitative cytokinetic analysis of both normal and neoplastic tissues. This is particularly evident in the application of flow cytometric (FCM) procedures for the quantitative analysis of DNA content (see ref. 36), measurements of intracellular components [i.e., bromodeoxyuridine incorporated into DNA (15)], and identification and purification of subpopulations for subsequent cytokinetic studies (42,71). In addition most assay systems for quantitation of the fraction of clonogenic cells, as well as many biochemical/molecular analyses (i.e., incorporation of tritiated thymidine, [³H]-TdR, into DNA), are done on a per cell basis, and thus utilize cells in suspension.

Affiliation(s): (1) Biomedical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California

Book Title: Techniques in Cell Cycle Analysis

Series: Methods in Molecular Biology | Pub. Date: Feb-04-1987 | Page Range: 139-162 | DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-406-7_6

Subject: Cell Biology

References

Download References

1.	Barlogie, B., Gohde, W., Johnston, A., Smallwood, L., Schuman, J., Drewinko, B., and Freireich, D. J. Determination of ploidy and proliferative characteristics of human solid tumors by pulse cytophotometry. Cancer Res., 38: 3333–3339, 1978.

2.	Bashor, M. M. Dispersion and disruption of tissues. In: (W. B. Jakoby and I. H. Pasten, eds.), Methods in Enzymology, vol. LVIII, New York: Academic, 1979.

3.	Bauer, F. W., Boezeman, J., and deGrood, R. M. Cell cycle analysis in normal and pathologic skin. Pulse-Cytophotometry, III: 533–538, 1978.

4.	Berry, M. N. and Friend, D. S. High-yield preparation of isolated rat liver parenchymal cells. J. Cell Biol., 43: 506–520, 1969.

5.	Berwick, L. and Corman, D. R. Some chemical factors in cellular adhesion and stickiness. Cancer Res., 22: 982–986, 1962.

6.	Boyse, E. A. A method for the production of viable cell suspensions from solid tumors. Transplant. Bull., 7: 100–104, 1960.

7.	Brown, J. M., Twentyman, P. R., and Zamvil, S. S. Response of the RIF-1 tumor in vitro and in C3H/Km mice to x-irradiation (cell survival, regrowth delay, and tumor control), chemotherapeutic agents, and activated macrophages. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 64: 605–611, 1980.

8.	Burlington, H. and Cronkite, E. P. Characteristics of cell cultures derived from renal glomeruli. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 142: 143–149, 1973.

9.	Burns, E. R., Bagwell, B. C, Hinson, W. G., Pipkin, J. L., and Hudson, J. L. Preparation stability of sixteen murine tissues organs for flow cytometric cell cycle analysis. Cytometry, 4: 150–160, 1983.

10.	Camazine, S. M., Ryan, G. B., Unanue, E. R., and Karnovsky, N. J. Isolation of phagocytic cells from the rat renal glomerulus. Lab. Invest., 35: 315–326, 1976.

11.	Cook, G. M. W., Heard, D. H., and Seamna, G. V. F. A sialomuco-peptide liberated by trypsin from the human erythrocyte. Nature, 138: 1011–1012, 1960.

12.	Darzynkiewicz, Z., Traganos, F., Sharpless, T., and Melamed, M. R. Lymphocyte stimulation: A rapid multiparameter analysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 73: 2881–2884, 1976.

13.	Darzynkiewicz, Z., Traganos, F., and Melamed, M. R. Detergent treatment as an alternative to cell fixation for flow cytometry. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 29: 329–330, 1981.

14.	Dethlefsen, L. A., Gray, J. W., George, Y. S., and Johnson, S. Flow cytometric analysis of the perturbed cellular kinetics of solid-tumors: Problems and promises. In: (W. Gohde, J. Schumann, and Th. Bucher, eds.), Pulse-Cytophotometry, Ghent, Belgium: European Press, 1976.

15.	Dolbeare, F., Gratzner, H., Pallavicini, M. G., and Gray, J. W. Flow cytometric analysis of total DNA content incorporated bromodeoxyuridine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 80: 5573–5577, 1983.

16.	Finkelstein, J. N. and Shapiro, D. L. Isolation of Type II alveolar epithelial cells using low protease concentrations. Lung, 160: 85–98, 1982.

17.	Goodenough, D. A. and Gilula, N. B. The splitting of hepatocyte gap junctions and zonae occludentes with hypertonic disaccharide. J. Cell Biol., 61: 575–590, 1974.

18.	Gottschalk, A., Belyavin, G., and Biddle, F. In: (A. Gottschalk, ed.), Glycoproteins: Their Composition, Structure, and Function, 2nd Ed., part B., Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1972.

19.	Hamburger, A. W., White, C. P., and Tencer, K. Effect of enzymatic disaggregation on proliferation of human tumor cells in soft agar. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 68: 945–949, 1982.

20.	Harris, C. C. and Leone, C. A. Some effects of EDTA and tetraphenylboron on the ultrastructure of mitochondria in mouse liver cells. J. Cell Biol., 28: 405–408, 1966.

21.	Harrison, D. D. and Webster, H. L. The preparation of isolated crypt cells. Exp. Cell Res., 55: 257–260, 1969.

22.	Hill, R. P. and Pallavicini, M. G. Hypoxia and the radiation response of tumors. In: (H. I. Bicher and D. F. Bruley, eds.), Oxygen Transport to Tissue, vol. IV, New York: Plenum, 1983.

23.	Hommes, F. A., Draisman, M. I., and Molenaar, I. Preparation and some properties of isolated rat liver cells. Biochem. Biophys. Acta., 222: 361–371, 1970.

24.	Hosick, H. L. and Strohman, R. Changes in ribosome-polyribosome balance in chick muscle cells during tissue dissociation, development in culture and exposure to simplified culture medium. J. Cell Physiol., 77: 145–156, 1971.

25.	Kikkawa, Y., Yoneda, K., Smith, F., Packard, B., and Suzuki, K. The type II epithelial cells of the lung. II. Chemical composition and phospholipid synthesis. Lab. Invest., 32: 295–302, 1975.

26.	Kleinman, H. K., Klebe, R. J., and Martin, G. R. Role of collagenous matrices in the adhesion and growth of cells. J. Cell Biol., 88: 473–485, 1981.

27.	Kreisberg, J.I. Isolation and culture of homogeneous populations of glomerular cell types. In: (T. G. Pretlow and T. P. Pretlaw, eds.), Cell Separation. Methods and Selected Applications, vol. I, New York: Academic, 1982.

28.	Laerum, O. D. Oxygen consumption of basal and differentiating cells from hairless mouse epidermis. J. Invest. Dermatol., 52: 204–211, 1969.

29.	Lawson, A. J., Smit, R. A., Jjefers, N. A., and Osborne, J. W. Isolation of rat intestinal crypt cells. Cell Tissue Kinet., 15: 69–80, 1982.

30.	Levinson, C. and Green, J. W. Cellular injury resulting from tissue disaggregation. Exp. Cell Res., 39: 309–317, 1965.

31.	Lewin, M. J. M., Cheret, A. M., and Sachs, G. Separation of individual cells from the fundic gastric mucosa. In: (T. G. Pretlow and T. P. Pretlow, eds.), Cell Separation: Methods and Selected Applications, vol. I, New York: Academic, 1982.

32.	Madden, R. E. and Burk, D. Production of viable cell suspensions from solid tumors. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 27: 841–861, 1961.

33.	Magee, W. E., Sheek, N. R., and Sagik, B. P. Methods of harvesting mammalian cells grown in tissue culture. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 99: 390–392, 1958.

34.	McDivitt, R. W., Stone, K. R., and Meyer, J. S. A method for dissociation of viable human breast cancer cells that produces flow cytometric kinetic information similar to that obtained by thymidine labeling. Cancer Res., 44: 2628–2633, 1984.

35.	Mead, J. S., Horan, P. K., and Wheeless, L. L. Syringing as a method of tissue dispersal. I. Effect on intermediate and superficial squamous cells. Acta Cytol., 22: 86–90, 1978.

36.	Melamed, M. R., Mullaney, P. F., and Mendelsohn, M. L., eds. Flow Cytometry and Sorting. New York: John Wiley, 1979.

37.	Milas, L. and Mujagic, H. The effect of spleenectomy on fibrosarcoma “metastasis” in lungs of mice. Int. J. Cancer, 11: 186–190, 1973.

38.	Moran, J. and Cohen, L. Use of papain in the preparation of adult skeletal muscle for tissue culture. In Vitro, 10: 188–190, 1974.

39.	Pallavicini, M. G., Cohen, A. M., Dethlefsen, L. A., and Gray, J. W. Dispersal of solid tumors for flow cytometric (FCM) analysis. In: (D. Lutz, ed.), Pulse-Cytophotometry, part III, Ghent, Belgium: European Press, 1978.

40.	Pallavicini, M. G., Folstad, L. J., and Dunbar, C. Solid KHT tumor dispersal for flow cytometric cell kinetic analysis. Cytometry, 2: 54–58, 1981.

41.	Pallavicini, M. G., Gray, J. W., and Folstad, L. J. Quantitative analysis of the cytokinetic response of KHT tumors in vivo to 1-β-D-arabino-furanosylcytosine. Cancer Res., 42: 3125–3131, 1982.

42.	Pallavicini, M. G., Ng, C. R., and Gray, J. W. Bivariate flow cytometric analysis of murine intestinal epithelial cells for cytokinetic studies. Cytometry, 5: 55–62, 1984.

43.	Penning, J. J. and Levan, J. H. A modified enzymatic technique for production of cell suspensions of a murine fibrosarcoma. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 66: 85–87, 1981.

44.	Phillips, H. J. Some metabolic changes resulting from treating kidney tissue with trypsin. Can. J. Biochem., 48: 1495–1504, 1967.

45.	Piwnicka, M., Darzynkiewicz, Z., and Melamed, M. R. RNA and DNA content of isolated nuclei measured by multiparameter flow cytometry. Cytometry, 3: 269–275, 1983.

46.	Pollack, A., Prudhomme, D. C, Greenstein, D. B., Irwin, G. C, Claffin, A. J., and Block, N. C. Flow cytometric analysis of RNA content in different cell populations using pyronin y methyl green. Cytometry, 3: 28–35, 1982.

47.	Rappaport, C. and Howze, G. Dissociation of adult mouse liver by sodium tetraphenylboron, a potassium complexing agent. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 121: 1010–1016, 1966.

48.	Rasey, J. S. and Nelson, N. J. Effect of tumor disaggregation on results of in vitro cell survival assay after in vivo treatment of the EMT6 tumor: X-rays, cyclophosphamide, and bleomycin. In Vitro, 16: 547–553, 1980.

49.	Reimann, J., Ehman, D., and Miller, R. G. Differential binding of lectins to lymphopoietic myeolopoietic cells in murine marrow as revealed by flow cytometry. Cytometry, 5: 194–203, 1984.

50.	Reinhold, H. S. A cell dispersal technique for use in quantitative transplantation studies with solid tumors. Eur. J. Cancer, 1: 67–71, 1965.

51.	Rinaldini, L. The isolation of living cells from animal tissues. Int. Rev. Cytol., 7: 587–647, 1958.

52.	Rockwell, S., Kallman, R. F., and Fajando, L. F. Characteristics of a serially transplanted mouse mammary tumor and its tissue-culture adopted derivatives. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 49: 735–749, 1972.

53.	Rockwell, S. and Kallman, R. Growth and cell population kinetics of single and multiple KHT sarcomas. Cell Tissue Kinet., 5: 449–457, 1972.

54.	Roters, M., Linden, W. A., and Heienbrok, W. Comparison of three different methods for the preparation of human tumors for flow cytometry (FCM). In: (D. Lutz, ed.), Pulse Cytometry, part IV, Ghent, Belgium: European Press, 1978.

55.	Russell, S. W., Doe, W. F., Hoskins, R. G., and Cochrane, C. G. Inflammatory cells in solid murine neoplasms. I. Tumor disaggregation and identification of constituent inflammatory cells. Int. J. Cancer, 18: 322–330, 1976.

56.	Schapp, G. H.,Josselin de Jong, J. E., and Jonkind, J. F. Fluorescence polarization of six membrane probes in embryonal carcinoma cells after differentiation as measured on a FACS II cell sorter. Cytometry, 5: 188–193, 1984.

57.	Seglen, P. O. Preparation of rat liver cells. Exp. Cell Res., 74: 377–389, 1971.

58.	Severin, E., Zold, H., and Spies, I. Proposals for isolation and further handling of liver cells in flow-cytometry. In: (D. Lutz, ed.), Pulse-Cytometry, part III, Belgium: Ghent, European Press, 1978.

59.	Slocum, H. K., Pavelic, Z. P., Kanter, P. M., Nowak, N. J., and Rustum, Y. M. The soft agar clonogenicity and characterization of cells obtained from human solid tumors by mechanical and enzymatic means. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol., 6: 219–225, 1981.

60.	Slocum, H. K., Pavelic, Z. P., Rustum, Y. M., Creaven, P. J., Karskousis, C., Takita, H., and Greco, W. R. Characterization of cells obtained by mechanical and enzymatic means from human melanoma, sarcoma, and lung tumors. Cancer Res., 41: 1428–1434, 1981.

61.	Snow, C. and Allen, A. The release of radioactive nucleic acids and mucoproteins by trypsin and ethylenediaminetetraacetate treatment of baby hamster cells in tissue culture. Biochem. J., 119: 707–714, 1970.

62.	Steinberg, M. S. The role of temperature in the control of aggregation of dissociated embryonic cells. Exp. Cell Res., 21: 1–10, 1961.

63.	Thomson, J. E. and Rauth, A. M. An in vitro assay to measure the viability of KHT tumor cells not previously exposed to culture conditions. Radiat. Res., 58: 262–276, 1974.

64.	Thornwaite, J. T., Sugarbaker, E. V., and Temple, W. J. Preparation of tissues for DNA flow cytometric analysis. Cytometry, 1: 229–237, 1980.

65.	Traganos, F., Darzynkiewicz, Z., Sharpless, T., and Melamed, M. R. Simultaneous staining of ribonucleic and deoxyribonucleic acid in unfixed cells using acridine orange in a flow cytofluorometric system. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 25: 46–56, 1977.

66.	Trotman, C. N. A. Isolation of gastrointestinal mucosa. In: (E. Reid, ed.), Cell Populations, Chichester, England: Horwood/Wiley, 1979.

67.	Twentyman, P. R. An artefact in clonogenic assays of bleomycin cytotoxicity. Br. J. Cancer, 36: 642–644, 1977.

68.	Twentyman, R. R. and Yuhas, J. M. Use of bacterial neutral protease for disaggregation of mouse tumors and multicellular tumor spheroids. Cancer Lett., 9: 225–228, 1980.

69.	Vindelov, L. L. Flow microflurometric analysis of nuclear DNA in cells from solid tumors and cell suspensions. Virchows Arch. Cell Pathol., 24: 227–242, 1977.

70.	Vindelov, L. L., Christensen, I. J., and Nissen, N. I. A detergent-trypsin method for the preparation of nuclei for flow cytometric DNA analysis. Cytometry, 3: 323–327, 1983.

71.	Visser, J. W. M. and Bol, S. J. L. A two-step procedure for obtaining 80-fold enriched suspensions of murine pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells. Stem Cells, 1: 240–249, 1981.

72.	Wake, N., Slocum, H. R., Rustum, Y. M., Matsui, S., and Sandberg, A. A. Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia XLIV. A method for chromosome analysis of tumors. Cancer Gen. Cytogen., 3: 1–10, 1981.

73.	Waymouth, C. To disaggregate or not to disaggregate: Injury and cell disaggregation, transient or permanent? In Vitro, 39: 97–111, 1974.

74.	Waymouth, C. Obtaining cell suspensions from animal tissues. In: (T. G. Pretlow and T. P. Pretlow, eds.), Cell Separation: Methods and Selected Applications, vol I., New York: Academic, 1982.

75.	Weiser, M. Intestinal epithelial cell surface membrane glycoprotein synthesis. I. An indicator of cellular differentiation. J. Biol. Chem., 248: 2536–2541, 1973.

76.	Weiser, R. S., Heise, E., Mclvor, K., Han, S., and Granger, G. In vitro activities of immune macrophages. In: (R. T. Smith and R. A. Good, eds.), Cellular Recognition, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1969.

Comments (Loading...)

Post comment/View all comments