SpringerProtocols: Abstract: Chemical Synthesis in Microreactors

Chemical Synthesis in Microreactors

By: Paul Watts¹, Stephen J. Haswell¹

Abstract

Full Text

Download PDF (428K)

To develop a new generation of drugs, pharmaceutical companies need to be able to synthesise and screen novel chemicals with enhanced speed. New technology that would enable a cost neutral step change in the number of potential drug candidates would provide a distinct competitive advantage. Indeed the miniaturisation of chemical reactors offers many fundamental and practical advantages of relevance to the pharmaceutical industry, who are constantly searching for controllable, information-rich, high-throughput, environmentally friendly methods of producing products with a high degree of chemical selectivity. This chapter reviews the current and future applications of microreactors that could enhance the drug discovery process.

Affiliation(s): (1) Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull, UK

Book Title: Microengineering in Biotechnology

Series: Methods in Molecular Biology | Volume: 583 | Pub. Date: Oct-01-2008 | Page Range: 109-120 | DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-106-6_4

Subject: Biotechnology

Key Words: Chemical synthesis - microreactor - separation - electroosmotic flow - EOF - peptide synthesis - drug discovery - pharmaceutical

References

Download References

1.	Bradley, D. (1999) Chemical reduction. European Chemist 1, 17.

2.	Fletcher, P. D. I. and Haswell, S. J. (1999) Downsizing synthesis. Chem. Br. 35, 38.

3.	Cowen, S. (1999) Chip service. Chem. & Ind. 2 August, 584.

4.	McCreedy, T. (1999) Reducing the risks of synthesis. Chem. & Ind. 2 August, 588.

5.	Barrow, D., Cefai, J. and Taylor, S. (1999) Shrinking to fit. Chem. & Ind. 2 August, 591.

6.	Cooper, J., Disley, D. and Cass, T. (2001) Lab-on-a-chip and microarrays. Chem. & Ind. 15 October, 653.

7.	Haswell, S. J., Middleton, R. J., O'Sullivan, B., Skelton, V., Watts, P. and Styring, P. (2001) The application of micro reactors to synthetic chemistry. Chem. Commun. 391.

8.	Matlosz, M., Ehrfeld, W. and Baselt, J. P. (eds.) (2002) IMRET 5: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Microreaction Technology. Springer, Berlin.

9.	Ehrfeld, W., Hessel, V. and Löwe, H. (2000) Microreactors: New Technology for Modern Chemistry. Wiley–VCH. Weinheim.

10.	Overbeek, J. Th. G. (1952) in Colloid Science, ed. H.R. Kruyt, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Chap. V, 195.

11.	Rice, C. L. and Whitehead, R. (1965) Electrokinetic flow in a narrow cylindrical capillary. J. Phys. Chem. 69, 4017.

12.	Hunter, R. J. (1981) Zeta Potential in Colloid Science. Academic Press, London.

13.	Jednacak, J., Pravdic, V. and Haller, W. (1974) The electrokinetic potential of glasses in aqueous electrolyte solutions. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 49, 16.

14.	McCreedy, T. (2000) Fabrication techniques and materials commonly used for the production of micro reactors and micro total analytical systems. TrAC 19, 396.

15.	McCreedy, T. (2001) Rapid prototyping of glass and PDMS microstructures for micro total analytical systems and micro chemical reactors by microfabrication in the general laboratory. Anal. Chim. Acta 427, 39.

16.	Haswell, S. J. (1997) Development and operating characteristics of micro flow injection analysis systems based on electroosmotic flow. Analyst 122, 1R.

17.	Freemantle, M. (1999) Downsizing chemistry. C&EN22 February, 27.

18.	Harrison, D. J. and van den Berg, A. (eds.) (1998) Proceedings of the Micro Total Analytical Systems '98 Workshop. Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht.

19.	van den Berg, A. and Lammerink, T. S. J. (1998) Micro total analysis systems: microfluidic aspects, integration concept and applications. Topics Curr. Chem. 194, 21.

20.	Woolley, A. T., Sensabaugh, G. F. and Mathies, R. A. (1997) High-speed DNA genotyping using microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis chips. Anal. Chem. 69, 2181.

21.	Jacobsen, S. C. and Ramsey, J. M. (1996) Integrated microdevice for DNA restriction fragment analysis. Anal. Chem. 68, 720.

22.	Schmalzing, D., Adourian, A., Koutny, L., Ziagura, L., Matsudaria, P. and Ehrlich, D. (1998) DNA sequencing on microfabricated electrophoretic devices. Anal. Chem. 70, 2303.

23.	Spence, D. M. and Crouch, S. R. (1997) Factors affecting zone variance in a capillary flow injection system. Anal. Chem. 69, 165.

24.	Service, R. F. (1998) Microchip arrays put DNA on the spot. Science 282, 396.

25.	Fletcher, P. D. I., Haswell, S. J., Pombo-Villar, E., Warrington, B. H., Watts, P., Wong, S. Y. F. and Zhang, X. (2002) Micro reactors: principles and applications in organic synthesis. Tetrahedron 58, 4735.

26.	Watts, P., Wiles, C., Haswell, S. J., Pombo-Villar, E. and Styring, P. (2001) The synthesis of peptides using micro reactors. Chem. Commun. 990.

27.	Watts, P., Wiles, C., Haswell, S. J. and Pombo-Villar, E. (2002) Solution phase synthesis of β-peptides using micro reactors. Tetrahedron 58, 990.

28.	Watts, P., Wiles, C., Haswell, S. J. and Pombo-Villar, E. (2002) Investigation of racemisation in peptide synthesis within a micro reactor. Lab. Chip 2, 141.

29.	George, V., Watts, P., Haswell, S. J. and Pombo-Villar, E. (2003) On-chip separation of peptides prepared within a micro reactor. Chem. Commun. 2886.

Comments (Loading...)

Post comment/View all comments