Monitoring Autophagy in Yeast: The Pho8Δ60 Assay
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Autophagy is an ubiquitous degradative process in eukaryotic cells (1,2) . It is involved in various developmental programs and is also implicated in human pathophysiology (3,4). The basic process involves the formation of a cytosolic double-membrane vesicle, termed an autophagosome (5,6) . The autophagosome sequesters bulk cytosol, and after completion its outer membrane fuses with the limiting membrane of
the lysosome/vacuole. The fusion event releases the inner single-membrane vesicle into the lysosome/vacuole lumen, where the
vesicle is now termed an autophagic body. The autophagic body and its cargo are typically degraded, and the resulting macromolecules
are recycled for subsequent use in the cytosol. Autophagy is the only pathway with the capacity to degrade entire organelles.
Accordingly, it may play a critical role in preventing pathologies that result from damaged organelles including the mitochondria
(7), or from the accumulation of large protein aggregates, such as occur in certain types of neurodegenerative diseases (8) . This article describes an assay to monitor bulk autophagy in yeast. The marker protein is a cytosolic derivative of the
vacuolar enzyme alkaline phosphatase, Pho8. Following uptake into the vacuole, the precursor enzyme is cleaved at the C terminus
to generate the active form. Cells expressing the cytosolic form of Pho8, Pho8 Δ60, are assayed for alkaline phosphatase activity
before and after shifting to conditions that induce autophagy.
Affiliation(s): (2) Departments of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology and of Biological Chemistry, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
Book Title: Protein Targeting Protocols
Series: Methods in Molecular Biology | Volume: 390 | Pub. Date: May-21-2007 | Page Range: 363-371 | DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-466-7_24
Subject: Protein Science
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