SpringerProtocols: Abstract: Alginate from Azotobacter vinelandii

Alginate from Azotobacter vinelandii

By: Francesca Clementi², Mauro Moresi³, Eugenio Parente⁴

Abstract

Full Text

Download PDF (224K)

Alginates are a group of polysaccharides occurring as structural components or as capsular materials in the cell wall of the brown seaweeds or soil bacteria, respectively (1). About 30,000 metric tons of sodium alginates per year are currently used in the food, pharmaceutical, textile and paper industries as thickening, stabilising and jellifying agents (2). Since only a few of the many species of brown algae are suitable and are limited in abundance and location for commercial alginate production, there is at present interest in the bacterial production of alginate-like polymers (3–5).

Affiliation(s): (2) Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
(3) Istituto di Tecnologie Agroalimentari, University of Tuscia-Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy
(4) Dipartimento di Biologia Difesa e Biotecnologie Agro Forestall, Università degli Studi Delia Basilicata, Potenza, Italy

Book Title: Carbohydrate Biotechnology Protocols

Series: Methods in Biotechnology | Volume: 10 | Pub. Date: Jul-23-1999 | Page Range: 23-42 | DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59259-261-6_3

Subject: Biotechnology

References

Download References

1.	Moe, S. T., Draget, K. I., Skjåk-Bræk, G., and Smidsrød, O. (1995) Alginates, in Food Polysaccharides and Their Applications (Stephen, A. M., ed.), Marcel Dekker, NY, pp. 245–286.

2.	Smidsrød, O. and Draget, K. I. (1996) Chemistry and physical properties of alginates. Carb. Eur. 14, 6–13.

3.	Brivonese, A. C. and Sutherland, I. W. (1989) Polymer production by a mucoid strain of Azotobacter vinelandii in batch culture. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 30, 97–102.

4.	Kennedy, L., McDowell, K., and Sutherland, I. W. (1992) Alginates from Azotobacter vinelandii. J. Gen. Microbiol. 138, 2465–2471.

5.	Sutherland, I. W. (1994) Biopolymers: their production and their potential in Proc. Physiology, Kinetics, Production and Use of Biopolymers (Braunegg, G., ed.), Schloss Seggau, Austria, May 13–15, 1994, pp. 18–29.

6.	Clementi, F., Fantozzi, P., Mancini, F., and Moresi, M. (1995) Optimal conditions for alginate production by Azotobacter vinelandii. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 17, 983–988.

7.	Clementi, F., Parente, E., Ricciardi, A., Mancini, F., and Moresi, M. (1996). Produzione e caratterizzazione di alginato da A. vinelandii DSM 576 e scaling-up in fermentatore da laboratorio, in Ricerche ed Innovazioni nell’Industria Alimentare, vol. 2 (Porretta, S., ed.), Chiriotti Editori, Pinerolo, pp. 388–400.

8.	Crescenzi, V. (1995) Microbial polysaccharides of applied interest: ongoing research activities in Europe. Biotechnol. Progress, 11(3), 251–259.

9.	Clementi, F., Mancini, F., Mancini, M., and Moresi M. (1997) Rheological behaviour of aqueous dispersions of bacterial sodium alginate, in Engineering ⇐p; Food at ICEF7, Part I (Jowitt, R., ed.), Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, UK, pp. E25–28.

10.	Mian, F. A., Jarman, T. R., and Righelato, R. C. (1978) Biosynthesis of exopolysaccharide by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 134, 418–422.

11.	Miller, G. L. (1959) Use of dinitrosalycilic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugars. Anal. Chem. 31, 426–428.

12.	Strickland, J. D. H. and Parson, T. R. (1968) A Practical Handbook for Sea-Water Analysis. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bull. no. 167.

13.	ASTM (1964) Standard method of test for kinetic viscosity (ASTM D445-IP 71). in ASTM Standards: Electrical Insulating Materials, Part 29. American Society for Testing and Materials, Baltimore, pp. 312–363.

14.	Kennedy, J. F. and Bradshaw, I. J. (1984) A rapid method for the assay of alginates in solution using polyhexamethylenebiguanidinium chloride. Brit. Polymer J. 16, 95–101.

15.	Conti, E., Flaibani, A., O’Regan, M., and Sutherland, I. W. (1994) Alginate from Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. putida: production and properties. Microbiol. 140, 1125–1132.

16.	Smidsrød, O. (1970) Solution properties of alginate. Carbohydr. Res. 13, 359–372.

17.	Launey, B., Doublier, J. L., and Cuvelier, G. (1986) Flow properties of aqueous solutions and dispersions of polysaccharides, in Functional Properties of Food Macromolecules (Mitchell, J. R. and Ledward, D. A., eds.), Elsevier Applied Science, London, UK, pp. 1–78.

18.	Donnan, F. G. and Rose, R. C. (1950) Osmotic pressure, molecular weight, and viscosity of sodium alginate. Can. J. Research 28(Sec. B), 105–113.

19.	Martinsen, A., Skjåak-Bræk, G., Smidsrød, O., Zanetti, F., and Poletti, S. (1991) Comparison of different methods for determination of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of alginates. Carbohydr. Polymers 15, 171–193.

20.	Parente, E., Crudele, M. A., Aquino, M., and Clementi, F. (1998) Alginate production by Azotobacter vinelandii DSM 576 in batch fermentation. J. Indust. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 20, 171–176.

21.	Annison, G. and Couperwhite, I. (1984) Consequences of the association of calcium with alginate during batch culture of Azotobacter vinelandii. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 19, 321–325.

22.	Chen, W.-P., Chen, J.-Y., Chang, S.-C., and Su, C.-L. (1985) Bacterial alginate produced by a mutant of Azotobacter vinelandii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 49, 543–546.

23.	Horan, N. J., Jarman, T. R., and Dawes, E. A. (1981) Effects of carbon source and inorganic phosphate concentration on the production of alginic acid by a mutant of Azotobacter vinelandii and on the enzymes involved in its biosynthesis. J. Gen. Microbiol. 127, 185–191.

24.	Horan, N. J., Jarman, T. R., and Dawes, E. A. (1983) Studies on some enzymes of alginic acid biosynthesis in Azotobacter vinelandii grown in continuous culture. J. Gen. Microbiol. 129, 2985–2990.

25.	Jarman, T. R., Deavin, L., Slocombe, S., and Righelato, R. C. (1978) Investigation on the effect of environmental conditions on the rate of exopolysaccharide synthesis in Azotobacter vinelandii. J. Gen. Microbiol. 107, 59–64.

26.	Lebrun, L., Junter, G.-A., Jouenee, T., and Mignot, L. (1994) Exopolysaccharide production by free and microbial cultures. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 16, 1048–1054.

27.	Peciña, A. and Paneque, A. (1994) Studies on some enzymes of alginic acid biosynthesis in mucoid and nonmucoid Azotobacter chroococcum strains. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 49, 51–58.

28.	Da Silva, J. A. L. and Rao, M. A. (1992) Viscoelastic properties of food hydrocolloid dispersions, in Viscoelastic Properties of Foods (Rao, M. A. and Steffe, J. F., eds.), Elsevier Applied Science, London, UK, pp. 285–315.

29.	Lapasin, R. and Pricl, S. (1995) Rheology of Industrial Polysaccharides: Theory and Applications. Blackie Academic ⇐p; Professional, London, UK, pp. 267–280.

Comments (Loading...)

Post comment/View all comments